Grasping Prosecutors Is Made In Texas. The First Amendment Comes From New York City.

Law

NEW YORK CITY?!?

I’m about to violate Texas law. I’m going to state that jurors, in deciding cases involving “victimless crime” that aggrieve the conscience such as drug possession, criminal but consensual adult sex, or purchasing sex toys, have every right to disregard the law if they feel it unjust, and to vote for acquittal. I’ll go further and state that jury nullification of unjust laws is a controversial but ancient fixture in the common law of England and the United States.

According to this Texas prosecutor who wisely chooses to remain anonymous, what I just wrote was a crime. That’s right. In Texas simply suggesting that jurors are free to exercise the conscience in choosing not to convict under unjust laws can send you to jail. Since someone in Texas will read this, I should be afraid, and I might be if not for the First Amendment.

The writers of The Wire, in advocating the actions that they have, are essentially promoting the commission of a crime. Had they made the statements contained in the Time magazine article in Texas, then they would almost certainly be guilty of aggravated perjury. Outrageous, no? How dare I suggest that the exercise of their First Amendment rights could possibly constitute a crime?

How dare you indeed? According to Anonymous, the answer is that for a juror to violate his oath to follow the law is perjury, and to encourage perjury, even to nobody in particular during a newspaper interview, makes one guilty of the same offense.

Unfortunately for anonymous Texas prosecutors, the First Amendment does protect this speech, both as to the writers of HBO’s wonderful television show, The Wire, and as to me. I suppose Anonymous was checking out steers the day they covered Brandenburg v. Ohio (holding that in order to convict for speech which merely advocates something which might be criminal there must be an incitement to “imminent lawless action” to specific individuals) in constitutional law.

The Supreme Court, to the extent Anonymous wishes to prosecute such speech, has already nullified the law.

Via The Agitator, whose comments on this are well worth reading.

Last 5 posts by Patrick

3 Comments

  1. Ken  •  Mar 28, 2008 @9:44 am

    1. Popehat: where our titles will inevitably involve obscure allusions to literature, or possibly to picante sauce ads.

    2. Anyone who has ever defended a case against a deputy district attorney will not be shocked to learn that one has a rather shaky grasp of basic constitutional law.

    3. As you suggest, the anonymous alleged prosecutor is all wet and comically thuggish when he suggests that advocating jury nullification in the abstract is a crime. (Such advocacy has been successfully prosecuted, as I recall, when it involved people handing jury nullification pamphlets to jurors in a particular case during their deliberations — but because that constituted a criminal attempt to influence a deliberating jury, not because it constituted advocacy of a crime).

    4. As some of the comments at Agitator suggest, the history of jury nullification is not solely about individuals bravely defying government overreaching. It’s also been used on a crass racial basis — by whites to refuse to convict defendants of anti-civil-rights violence in the South, and by minorities elsewhere, some argue. Jurors may have some detestable views about what constitutes justice, so when we ask them to disregard the law in favor of their personal views of justice we may get some detestable results. That’s the bargain.

    I’ve lost cases I prosecuted because of jury nullification and won cases I’ve defened because of jury nullification. Honestly, I’m conflicted.

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  2. Clay S. Conrad  •  Apr 3, 2008 @6:58 am

    Ken is wrong when he states that jury nullification has been used ” on a crass racial basis — by whites to refuse to convict defendants of anti-civil-rights violence in the South…”

    Research into those cases shows that prosecutors, judges and cops, often Klan members themselves, often threw the case. In the Byron de la Beckwith case, two uniformed police officers testified that Beckwith was 200 miles away at the time Medgar Evers “got himself shot.” In another case, the coroner ruled that the lead pellets in the deceased’s face were “dislodged dental fillings.”

    The juries were often scapegoated for the official misconduct of others. Remember that the federal civil rights cases generally ended in convictions — with juries chosen from the same communities, but with different judges, prosecutors and investigators.

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  3. Patrick  •  Apr 3, 2008 @7:41 am

    Thanks for the comment Clay. I note from your blog (nice idea by the way) that you practice in Texas. I wonder if you have any insight into whether this prosecutor’s arguments on perjury would fly under Texas law, leaving the first amendment issues aside if that’s possible?

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